Machine for plowing the soil.



W. W. HARTSOUGH. MACHINE FoH.PLow|NG THE son.

Wznesses APPLICATION FILED MAR. II, 1916.

Patented Jan. 14, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

MMMMMA w. vv. HARTSQUGHY. MACHINE FOB FLOWIIIIG THE SOIL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. II. I9I6.

' Patented Jan. 14, 1919.

l plants will through which neither the 'ras rieur are vlALTEI-R, W.HARTSOGH. 0F MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

MACHINE Fon rLowING THE son..

Application tiled March 11, 1918.

To all 'ui/Lon?, it may concern.'

Be it knownvthat I, l'lxi/run W. l'laursOUGr-I, a citizen of the UnitedStates. rcsid' ing at inneapolis, in the county of llennepin and Stateof Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful lmprorements inMachines for Flowing the Soil; and l do hereby declare the followimgtobe a full, clear, and exact. deserpt ion of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe saine.

y invention has for its object an improved machine for plowing ortilling the soil; and to such ends, consists ot' the novel devices andcombinations of devices hereinafter described and defined in the claims.

In most agricultural. districts, the rich humus containing top soil willbe found to vary in depth from four to eight inches, the ,greater depthbeing rather exceptional. and for the purposes of this discussion, wemay assume the average depth thereof, to he six inches. Under theseconditions, it is cusnot more than five inches in depth. The stratum ofsubsoil beis sometimes a hard pan clay, sometimes gravel or sand, andsometimes a mixture thereof, and if plowed the top of. the soil, woulddestroy er greatly damage the same for agricultural purposes.Nevertheless, deep plowing or tilling, and to a depth greater than thedepth best erop productions. l

t is a known fact that the roots of mest not penetrate the hardsubstratum below the bottom of the plowed furrow, but will spread ratherand grow laterally. Deep rooting is desirable because the deep rootshave access to a better or more Steady supply-of moisture than rootscloser to the surface. Also, water melting snows will not as readilypenetrate or subsoil when it is hard, will when loosened up or plowet,and furthermore, it is desirable that. the soil bc loosened up andaereated toas great a depth as racticable.

n ordinary mold board plow produces ar very hard or glazed surface atthe bottom of the furrow, known as plowpan and roots of plantsSpecification of Letters Patent.

l nor. moisture to provide of the top soil, is essential to they 4stratum does not from rain und` Serial No. 83,500. i

readily pass. also removes this objectionable feature.

y invention., both as to process and ap'- parat-us or machine, hasresulted from careful consideration of the above stated facts andconditions. i

In accordance with the process, as the first step or operation, the soilis broken up and hiosened to a considerable depth. say toa to which thctopor black soil` isv to be displaced. By this first 4step or operationthe squbsoll stratum is not displaced vertically,

b ut is disintegrated and opened up so that' alr has access thereto, andis preferably, and in the same operation is displaced slightly in ahorizontal direction. As a second step e process, the upper stratum ortop soil, to the depth of five inches, is tegrated and pulverized orbroken up, and is removed or displaced to one side of the furrow. andonto `the surface of the subsoil stratum of t referably, as a third stepof the operation,

e upper surface of the loosened subsoil stratum of the and the threeoperations above noted are carried out by continuous or synchronous operations. soil thus removed from the furrow immediately being formed, willbe deposited upon the somewhat packed upper surface of the subs-oilstratum ofthe furrow ust previously packing of the upper surface of thesubsoil by any means same back to its original compactuess, but lypresses in the larger air cavities and prevents undue subsequentsettling, and furthcrmore, rcstablishes that contact with the lower soilrequired for good capillary attraction of tic moisture. Soil plowed asabove described will have a pulverized smooth surv `face which willserve as a dust. blanket to conserve the moisture in the soil.

The process above outlined may, in fact, be performed b v handoperations, or by the use ot' hand operated tools, but. to carry thesame out economically on a commercial'scale requins a specially designedapparatus or machine, and this preferred form of this niachine, whichinvolves various novel devices an combinations of devices, isillustrated in the accompanying drawings ywherein Alike Patented Jan.14, 1919.

My invention furrow is slightly packed, i

press thev 'depth of five inches below thc assumed depth further disiufl e previously formed furrow.

characters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view of machine;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation ot the same. illustratinfoT theplowmg actionthereof;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vtransverse section taken approximately on .rt ot'v Fig.

the improved the line w" 1, and illustrating the actions otl the.subs-oil and top soil plowing devices;

Figs. l and 5 are cross sec-tions taken through the furrow andillustrating the. manner in which the same is 'formed'. aml

Fig. 6 is a view corresponding to Fig. 3. but further illustrating themanner in which the successive fui-rows are formed.

The plow frame illustrated. comprises a main frame 1 and skeleton andtrussed supplemental trame 2. the latter being pivoted to the front barsot' the vformer at l and projecting forward thereof. The main trame l issupported by a centrally located wide faced traction wheel 3 suitablyjournaled thereto. and provided with a large annular internal gear l.'The trout end portion o't` the supplemental frame 2 is carried b vsteering wheels 'that are journalcd on stub axles 6 pivoted to thesupplemental t'rame Z and provided with arms 7 connected by a crosssteering link S for imparting parallel steering movements to the saidtwo wheels in a well known way. The forwardly projecting portions of theside bars of the `frame l are provided with gear segments D that engagepinions Vl0 on a cross shat't 11 journaled in the side bars ot thesupplemental trame L. Ratchet dogs ll are pivoted to the side bars ofsaid supplemental frame '2 and engage the inions 10 to hold the same.and hence. thc segments 9 in ditt'erent adjustimnts. .\t one. end. theshatt l1 is provided with an operat ing crank 1Q by means ot which itmay he rotated to cause the pinions and segments to raise and lower thefront portion ot the main trame 1.

Located centrally in front ot the traction wheel 3 with its axisextended longitudinally. ortrom front toward the rear of the machine..is a heavy spindle or sha't't 13 journaled in suitable bearings on the`main trame 1. This spindle carries two so-called plow wheels which. t'ordistinction. may be. designated as primary and secondary plow wheels.The prnnary plow wheel. as shown.

con'lprises a heavy disk-like plate 14- and projwllerdike blades '15,the latter of which project radially outward. tar beyond the Jformer. i

The secondary plow wheel. as shown. comprises laterally spaced disk-likeplates 16 having 'radial 'webs 17 and 1S. to which shovels Aand forks 19and 20. respectively.

. are rigidly attached.`but preferably with connections, such as boltsand slots l1 that lwith the ring gear permit radial adjustments of thesaid mem` bers 19 and 20. The said shovels and forks, it will be noted.are alternated in a circumferential direction 'and are curved or bentslightly backward. in respect to the direction of rotation ot the plowwheel tsee particularly Figs, 3 and t5). The blades ot the primary wheelproject radially outward much 'farther than do the shovels and Jforks ofthe secondary wheel7 say7 tor illustration, tive inches. To the rearplate lt' ot' the secondary plow wheel is rigidly secured an internal.ring gear y On the main ,trame ot' the tractor anchored an intcrnalcombustion engine indicated. as an entirety. by the numeral '23. Tocounterlmlancc the weight of the plow wheels and other parts, and torother reasons, this engine is preferably applied on the main frame 1 atthe rear ot' the traction wheel This engine or motor furnishes power lordriving the primary and second ary plow wheels and also the tractionwheel. Connections 'to may be varied. but. as illustrated and brieydescribed. they are as follows. The crank shaft ot' the engine carries aspur pinion 24 and a sprocket 25. The pinion 2l meshes with a spur gearZtl on the rear end of a longitudinal shaft. 2T journaled in suitablebearings on the main trame 1 and provided at. its t'ront end with apinion 2S that meshes and thereby transmits' common rotary motion to theprimary and secondary plow wheel.

A sprocket4 chain 29 runs over the sprocket 25 and over a sprocket 3()on the rear end of a counter shat't 3l journaled in suitable bearings onthe Atrame 'l and connected by beveled gears rl and reversible. variablespeed transmission gears 323. with a pinion ill that meshes with theinternal `gear l of the traction wheel il. and thereby transmits mot-ionto the said traction wheel in the usual or any suitable well knownmanner, noty necessary for the purposes otl this case to l'urtherconsider.

'l'he exhaust port ot the engineA is connected to the. rear end of anexhaust pipe 35 that is suitably supported Vfrom the main trame l withits trout end-terminating in position to discharge the hot products ofcombustion directly againstvv the loose earth as it. is being lifted bythe shovels and t'orks ot the secondary plow wheel. The hot gases orproducts of combustion trom the engine exhaust are thus utilized as ameans Vtor destroying' destructive insect-s and noxious plants.V such aswitch grass, Ytor example.

Under the forward movement oi the machinethe primary and secondary plowwheels will be rotated in a direction reverse to the. movements ot thehands ot' a clock when viewed by the driver from the. rear seat, andunder this direction of rotation the 1,290,986 f v i i 3 oblique bladesof the primary wheel will cut the s ame at one side of the furrowforinto through the rich top soil andwell down into the furrow previouslyformed;

the subsoil stratum and will cut up and 2. A plowing vmachine comprisingmeans `loosen the dirt and give the same a slight for breaking andlooseningup the `soil to rearward displacement without, however, to aconsiderable depth and for displacing the 7o any appreciable extent,displacing o r movsame toward the rear of the machine, but ing the soilvertically. In the earlier part without displacing the same vertically,and

of this description, it was assumed that the means for furtherdisintegrating the upper primary plowvwheel cut through the soil toportion of the soil thus loosened up and for a depth often inches andthat the secondary depositing the saine at one side of the fur 75 wheeldug into the top soil to a depth of row or into a furrow previouslyformed.

ive inches, and for the purposes of this case, 3. In a plowing machine,theeombination these conditions will still be assumed to eX- with asupporting truck, of primary andsecist, although it will, of Course, beundel'- ondary blade-equipped rotary plow wheels, stood that the depthsof these cuts may be bothrotatable transversely of the truck. saidvaried at will. Under the assumed condiprimary wheel be K tions, the topsoil under the action of the secondary wheel andr arranged todisinteshovel blades 19 and forks 20, will be furgrate and break up rthesoil to a muc-l1 ther disintegrated, and under favorable soll greaterdepth than said Secondary Wheel, the conditions, will be pulverized andforced or latter comprising means serving to further shoveled to oneside of the furrow that is disintegrate the upper top Soil and t0` de;immediately being fermedi and after the posit thesame at one side of the,furrow belirst furrow has been formed, will always be ing formed orinto a furrow lpreviously deposited upon the slightly packed surfaceformed.

of the subsoil of the `furrow just previouslyn In a plowing maehine,thecombination i tl formed. w1 i a supporting truck, ofa propeller has beenformed: Fig. 5 illustrates the C011- to cause the blades ofthe formerto' assist in 95 been formed, and by reference to these views, primarywheel being arranged to out a much 1t Will be nOd that the fUII'OWPFOPeI' 1S greater depth than'said secondary wheel and but slightlywider than the faceof the tr/fwthe latter serving to furtherdisintegrate the ion wheel 5, and that the furrows are top soil and todeposit the same at one side formed by intersecting segmental cuts: Thisof the furrow ybeing formed or jm-,0u furintersection of the segmentalcuts is also row previously formed,

important because it causes the disintegrated 5, In a plowing machine,the combination soil tobe intersected several times by both with aSupporting truck, of a prop-@11er the primarv and secondary plow wheels`bladed primary plow wheel, and a `shovel v plowed tOP 50H is left VerySmoothfmd even and the latter serving to further disinteat one side ofthe furrow'beinglformed or iS Yely much desired Where Conservation 0finto a furrow previously formed, said sec- 115 HIOISHI@ S desired and S0H the H105@ aP' ondary wheel having disintegrating `foi-ks PI'OVed line0f S0Ca11ed fdl'y falmmg located between its blades. 4 Under someconditions, however, it may be (i. In a plowing machine, the combinationdesirable to slightly pack the upper Surface with a supporting truck, ofa propeller ofthe soil and when this iS S0, the right hand bladedprimary plow Wheel, and a shovel front wheel 5 may have a wide face 0fX- bladcd secondary plow Wheel, both rotatable tension. such asindicated by the dotted lines transversely of the truck and in adirection marked thereon in Fig. to cause the blade of the former toassist in What T. claim is: impelling the machine forward, the saidpril. A plowing machine comprising means mary wheel being arranged tocut a much for breaking and" loosening up the soil to a greater depth'than said secondary wheelgnd considerable depth without displacing thesame vertically, and means for thereafter top Soil and to deposit thesame at one side disintegrating the upper portion only of of the furrowbeing formed or into a furrow the soil thus loosened up and depositingpreviously formed; the blades of one of said l transversely plowingwheels being radially adjustable to vary the relative depth of cut.

to cause the blades of the former to assist in 'impelling the machineforward, the said primary wheel being arranged to eut a much greaterdepth than said secondary wheel and the la'tter serving to furtherdisintegrate the top soil and to deposit the same at one Side of thefurrow being formed or into a furrow previously formed, the blades ofsaid secondary wheel being radially adjustable to vary the relativedepth of eut in respect to said primary wheel.

8. In a. plowing machine, the combination with acarrying truek and amotor thereon, ot' a propeller bladed primary plow wheel and a shovelbladed secondary plow wheel, and a longitudinally extended motor drivenshaft to which both of said plow wheels are secured, said primary plowwheel. being arranged to out to a much greater depth than said secondaryplow wheel and comprising means to assist in impelling the machineforward.

t). In a plowing machine, the combination with a carrying truck and amotor thereon, of a propeller bladed primary plow wheel and a shovelbladed secondary plow wheel, and a longitudinally extended motor drivenshaft to which both of said plow wheels are secured, said primary plowWheel being arranged to eut to a much greater depth than said secondaryplow wheel and comprising means to assist in impelling the machineforward, and independent transmission meehanism between said motor andone of the wheels of said truck.

l0. In al plowing machine, the combination with a main truck framehaving a centrally located traction wheel, ot' a supplemental framepivoted to and projecting forward of Said main frame, means for lockingsaid frames on ltheir pivotal connection to thereby raise and lower thefront portion of said main frame, steering wheels supporting saidsupplemental frame, primary and seeondary plow wheels mounted on thefront portion of said main frame and rotatable transversely thereof` anda motor on said truck frame having connections for rotating said plowwheels and for driving said traetion wheel.

In testimony whereof I afliX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

IVALTER W. HARTSOUGH.

Witnesses Bannion G. WHEELER, llmnY D. KrLGonE.

